A stainless steel separator having gas channels including grooves and projections for fuel cells. The separator has a composition including about 0.03 mass percent or less of carbon; about 0.03 mass percent or less of nitrogen, the total content of carbon ...

Carbon substrate carrying an organic polymer containing aliphatic amino groups on its side chain, for a lithium ion rechargeable battery, the carbon substrate showing a high initial charge-discharge efficiency and discharge capacitance.