The control shaft (1) has a base structure (2) made of steel. The base structure is partially provided on a shaft main structure (6) that is made of plastic or polymer. An actuating element (8) is gripped by base structure. The base structure is extended i...

The method involves adjusting the phase position after early application of the propelling flow force or flow moment at a closure element (32), and adjusting the phase position after late application of the braking flow force or flow moment at the closure ...

The present invention relates to a mixture supply device for maintaining a favorable combustion state by controlling with high response the quantity and quality of a mixture to be supplied to cylinders, and thereby to accelerate reduction in the emission l...

The system has a valve body (8) in a throttle valve device (7) and formed with spaces, which are brought in communication with intake passage. The rotational movement of the valve body achieves a state where intake air is applied through a part of branched...