Generating first map information, where the first map information includes information about a first reference object set, and the information about the first reference object set indicates a first identifier, in a geographic area, of each reference object...

Distribution map data for distributing a map by communication includes road data representing position information on the roads contained in a plurality of compartments and integrating name data for integrating name information for the same roads contained...

A database architecture for using geographic data to provide navigation-related functions is disclosed. The navigation-related functions are provided by navigation program applications. A geographic database is stored on a medium and includes data represen...